Bihar

Bihar is a state located in the eastern part of India. It is the third most populous state in the country and the twelfth largest in terms of area. The capital and largest city of Bihar is Patna. The state has a rich cultural heritage and has been an important center of learning, religion, and culture throughout history. The state is known for its historical significance and has been the birthplace of many prominent figures in Indian history including the ancient Indian philosopher and royal advisor Chanakya, and the founder of Buddhism, Gautama Buddha.

Bihar is also known for its agricultural production, particularly for its production of litchi, mango, and guava fruits, as well as for its silk industry. Bihar is bordered by Nepal to the north, West Bengal to the east, Uttar Pradesh to the west, and Jharkhand to the south. The Ganges River flows through the state, and it is also home to several important religious sites such as the Bodhi Tree in Bodh Gaya and the Mahabodhi Temple, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The state has its own language known as Magahi, Maithili and Bhojpuri which is spoken by majority of its population.

Below are some important points to remember about Bihar:

• Bihar is located in the eastern part of the country.

• Bihar is the place from where the first and the greatest empire of India Maurya Empire arose in 322 BCE. It is also the place from where Gautam Buddha distribute knowledge and founded Buddhism. Bodh Gaya is the place where Gautama Buddha is said to have obtained Enlightenment.

• The state is bounded by Nepal to the north and by West Bengal to the northeast and Uttar Pradesh to the west.

• The Bihar plain is divided into two unequal halves by the river Ganga which flows through the middle from west to east.

• Patna is the capital city of the Bihar. Gaya is the second largest city of Bihar after Patna.

• The Total Area of the state is 94,163 sq. kms.

• Bihar legislature assembly has 243 seats. There are total 40 seats for MP election in Bihar.

• Total number of districts is 38.

• Population of the state according to 2011 census is 10.3 cores. It is the third largest state by population in India.

• Literacy rate is 63.82%.

• Density of Population is 1,102 per sq kms.

• Chatth Puja is one of the major festivals observed in Bihar. The puja is celebrated twice a year.

• Limestone, Pyrites, Quartzite, Crude Mica are the main natural resource of Bihar.

• Economy mainly depends on agriculture.

• Mahabodhi Temple, Nalanda University, Shanti Stupa, Gaya, Patna are the tourist attraction in Bihar.


State Symbols of Bihar
Category English Term
Animal Gaur
Bird House Sparrow
Flower Kachnar
Tree Peepal tree
Fruit Mango
Fish Walking catfish
Song Mere Bharat Ke Kanth Haar